![]() ![]() African Americans devised legal strategies that successfully challenged racial segregation in the courts and leveraged international tensions during World War II and its aftermath to achieve equality. Shady Rest became the nation’s first Black owned and operated tennis club.ĭuring this era, a series of Supreme Court decisions, World War II, and the Cold War resulted in the advent of the modern Civil Rights Movement. In 1921, African American tennis experienced another milestone when Black businessmen opened the Shady Rest Golf and Tennis Club in New Jersey. A year later, Black tennis organized nationally as the American Tennis Association (ATA) under the leadership of H. Sport, including tennis, served as the athletic counterpart to the artistic expression found in the Harlem Renaissance and, in 1915, the Harlem Colonial Tennis Club was established. By 1938, Blacks initiated legal strategies in the courts to end racial segregation and introduced legislative policy in Congress for a federal anti-lynching law. ![]() During this era, African Americans engaged in prolonged legislative and legal efforts to gain equal access in American life, especially public education, and voting. The nation’s economic collapse during the Depression of the 1930s left many Blacks, once again, obliged to participate in creative survival. This movement significantly transformed African American cultural life as Black writers, artists, and intellectuals expressed their identity through a renewed sense of racial consciousness and pride known as the Harlem Renaissance. Historically Black colleges and universities, like Tuskegee Institute in Alabama, formed the earliest faculty tennis clubs.Īt the turn of the twentieth century, African Americans began the “Great Migration” and left their southern farms in search of economic opportunity in northern cities. Walker of Philadelphia established the first interstate Black tournament among clubs located in the Northeast. During this period, African Americans created their own tennis clubs and organized their own tournaments. DuBois and Ida Wells-Barnett exemplified this strategy as they fought diligently for economic, political, educational, and social equality through a self-help organization they both helped establish, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). Sheer survival depended on solidarity and the creation of Black institutions to service community needs. In response, African Americans devised creative strategies to resist and survive. In the North, discrimination existed in deceptive, although hardly less hurtful, forms of racial exclusion. Physical intimidation, including lynching, insured compliance and white domination. Southern states amended their constitutions to disenfranchise Black voters and legislatures enacted discriminatory laws designed to segregate African Americans in most facets of life. Itaú will be the Miami Open’s lead sponsor through at least 2019.With the end of Reconstruction in 1877, African Americans found themselves in a vulnerable position. And that cachet, it reasons, rubs off on the tournament’s sponsors.Ĭordeiro says she hopes this will start a trend in sports sponsorship: “You don’t need the naming rights to really do a good job.” Itaú, whose international private banking is headquartered in Miami, also believes that keeping the Miami Open’s name commercial-free lends the tournament more prestige. ![]() “Miami has evolved as a very well-known and a very desirable place, cultural, financial,” says Andrea Pinotti Cordeiro, Itaú’s marketing director in São Paulo. “As a global marketing strategy, we truly believe this is the best way to go.” It’s decided instead that it’s better business to let the Miami brand speak for itself. But Itaú is not exercising its naming rights. The Open, played at Key Biscayne's Crandon Park Tennis Center, has become one of the biggest events on the pro tennis circuit. Itaú, Latin America's largest privately held bank, is the new lead sponsor of the tournament. Now – and many hope from now on – it’s the Miami Open.įor that you can say obrigado – thank you – to Brazil’s BancoItaú. And that may be the smartest corporate move yet. But now the event is free of a commercial label. The big pro tennis tournament that starts Monday on Key Biscayne has had four different corporate names since its debut 30 years ago. ![]()
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